Apparatus for the waving of the hair



F. o. CONILL 1,979,531

APPARATUS FOR THE WAVING OF THE HAIR Nov. 6, 1934.

Filed June 15 1932 3 Sheets-Sheet l '2 & m

ATTORNEY Nov. .6, 1934. F. o. CONILL 1,979,531 APPARATUS FOR THE WAVING OF THE HAIR Filed June 15, 1932 3 Sheet eet 2 f l 15 5 Nov. 6, 1934.

F. O. CONILL APPARATUS FOR THE WAVING OF THE HAIR Filed June 15, 1932 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR 3W 041m By K J mi.

nTToR/yEy Patented Nov. 6, i954 .HUNITED STATES Prism OFFICE 1,979,531 APPARATUS FOR THE WA IN OF :THE

,HAIR' Fernan Oscar Gonili, Cannes, France Application June 1 5,.192', Serial; o. 517371 In France. November 27, 1931 9 claims, (Cl.132--86) The present invention relates to a aratus for required number of waves is produced upon the the waving of the hair, more particularly for the Whole length of the hair,

SO-called p rm nent waving of the hair. Theob- In another construction, one heater .co-operates first of the invention is to simplify the knownapwith-twoanre sers which are pressed simn1ta- -Hfi P rot-us used for this purpose and to reduce as neQHsIyaaain tthe two sides Of the heater and 5 1 much as p ssible the time required for the wavt e hairiock is wound the heating member m operation. in any. known manner. but preferably in the ":1' 1 invent-ion employs at least two clamping anner. used in the making OI a. .so-cailed flat members, hereinafter called the heater and the e, in which the 19;!!! ".iS wound HD0118 tubular mm P1 5! which clamp between them a lock of hair rod from the ip to the root. the 09.118 lying not side inasimilar manner as the jaws of a curling iron. yv sidfi, but. upon each other. The characteristic feature of the invention coni he h atersand pressers are of course both idts in that both the heater and the presser are 11 .1. O and either one or both are provided with provided with perforations upon their clamping nternal; electric heating means.

15 writ-cos and that steam is circulated through the a The accompanying drawings show by wavoi heater and the presser in series so that it issues example two. constructions embodying the fee through the perforations of the heater, passes u es 013. the inventi n. th ough the lock of hair, then enters the presser i 1 indicates dia rammatically the action th ough theperforations provided therein and is of a .number .of heating members and pressin 5 1%) drawn away from the latter. Theipassing of the embers upon Jocks OI hair.

steam in .series through the heater, the hair and 24$. a dia ramusbowinc the various p the-Wessex has the important advantage that no f th first construction o! hand opfirated .apsteam .Orsmoisture can reach the scalp as the P r tus in which several h ating members and steam is uin from the heater is sucked n y pr ssing members amused, also a motor, a fan,

i thepresser. The heater is in communication with a d a steam producing apparatus 1 1 541 in fi-( so osource su lying steam, which may be a Junoti nwith the hand operated apparatus. tionaiiy heated on the way to the heater and also ShO fl M D W Y B dfi fiii 0 t h nd by aiheating device arranged within the heater; fi tfid appa atus namely, means for operating wd the presser is in continuous communication Swami d fli 'i ui JW .lfiwfiifl ed th the L 50 with a'source of suction, for instance a fan. When heat-mg 'fi" the supply of steam to the heater is stopped air 4: .i a froenwntarv axial section through a is drawn into the presser and this air current pressmg membercools and dries the hair. 1 Fig. Sis. a top. view partly in section, of the -In one construction several heaters and pressa pera ed apparatus.

3,5 ers are used which are mounted in a row in a Fig.6 15,91 Side wr p m t 5- manner similar to the teeth of acomb, the pressers t a f om? view corresponding to Fig. 5.. alternating with the heaters. The pressersare 3 T1595 mpyicw pmiiion UT 17119 movable to and fro between the heaters so that casing skw-wmg resismncefii'. each presser can co-operate alternately with the Fig, ail-sectional fi t e 5.8001161 i -4 two adjacent heaters. In this construction it is construct-9n themed gpemted apparatus in not necessary to wind the hair locks around the g zig gg gf f gzf' member and messing heaters as inmost permanent hair waving appa- 5 e ratus, It is sufilcient to insert the comb comprisa man nt m i ing the heaters and pressers into the hair as near 1111;? "through the heat'mg .45 z i I i and. pr s in ;m mbcrs of Fi 19-. 1

as possible to the scalp, produce waves in the Referring to the drawings Fig illustrates 9 caught between the heaters n Dressers by. the manner in which a h catin g niembercomperi- 5 and pressers into "Contact ates'witha-nrossinc heotinc mem- Pa-smng steam hr u and the locks ers 2 are yl ndrical bodies provided. with an then change the relative position of the heaters internal pamitign 11 3 W ,1 Fig 3 and -05 d ptesselis and Shift the comb M0118 locks with a considerable number of small perfora and produce a h s of Waves n the ppositev tions 4,. TIlQhQfltiREmQmbQIS arearranged in a dire t on some f r di ance aw y from t row, andbetwcenthem are arranged reciprocable Scalp and h pr v us s t of W v and s n, ressinsmembers owhioh arealso provided with 5,5 sliding the comb along the l ks unt l the whole perfo ations-9 adapted to register with the pertorations 4 and have concave operating faces '7, the curvature of which corresponds to the curvature of the operating faces of the heating membrs, whereby locks of hair 8 may be firmly gripped and pressed between a heating member 2 and a co-operating pressing member 6, and steam may be passed from the interior of a heating member and through .the orifices 4 and 9 into the interior of the pressing member 6 from which it is withdrawn by suction. The pressing members 6 receive a reciprocating movement as indicated by the arrow 5 in Fig. 1, so that they co-operate alternately each'with the pressing member on its left and then with the pressing member on its right. After the locks have been acted upon on one side during aptime sufficient for the drying of the hair, the pressing members 6 are moved say from the left to the right into the position indicated by dotted lines and the locks are then acted upon on the other side until they are sufficiently dry. The apparatus is then lifted in the direction ofthe arrow 10 and the locks aretreated upon-the next following points on'which a wave isto be produced and so on until the whole lengths of the locks are waved. It will thus be seen that-thelocks may be very .rapidly' wa'ved and dried without the necessity ofwindingithem upon curlers and without any danger to the scalp.

- Fig. 2 shows diagrammatically the various parts of the apparatus, moreparticularly the arrangement of the heatingmembers and the pressing membersupon a common casing, their operation, and the means for supplying steam to the heating members and for drawing out thesteam from the locks and'through" the pressing members.

As may be seen from Fig. 2, the heating members 2 are mounted upon a common cylindrical base 11 which is constructed as a valve casing and contains an internal corresponding cylindrical valve member 12 formed'with distributing holes 13 and 14 for supplying with steam alternately the left and the right hand portions of the heating members 2. The interior of the valve member 12 is suppliedwith steam by means of a pipe 15 from a boiler 1'7, an electrical steam superheater 16 beinginterposed' in the pipe 15 for the purpose of'superheating or drying the steam. The superheater 16-'is supplied with electric current from any suitable source19, the amount ofcurrent supplied being regulable by means of an electric resistance 18. The valve member 12 is rotated'by means of an outwardly projecting spindle 20 which carries an arm 21 ing interposed betweenthe s'crew28 and the flexible shaft 31, said clutch'29 being operable by means of a lever and knob 30.

The reciprocable member 24 is connected with a rod 33 which carries'projections34 and a'number of springs35 arranged betweenthese projecserve for reciprocating the pressing members, and

the object of the interposedsprings 35- is to com'-' pensate for the uneven thickness of the looks so that the pressing members may when moved simultaneously by the rod 33 exert yielding pressures upon the locks interposed between the pressing members and the heating members. As may be seen from Figs. 2 and 4, the pressing members 6 are slidably mounted upon their upper ends upon a tube 37, the interior of which is in communication by means of a pipe 38 with an air exhaust fan 39 or other device for producing under-pressure within the pressing members.

Each pressing member 6 is fitted with an electric heating resistance 40 which are supplied with electric current from the source 19, a regulating resistance 41 being interposed. The heating resistances 40 serve to avoid condensation of steam within the pressing members. The tube 3'7 (Fig. 4)'upon which the pressing members 6 slide to and fro is provided with openings 42 which register with corresponding openings 43 of the heating members 2, whereby the heating members are in continuous communication with the fan 39 or other vacuum producing device.

The apparatus is provided with a comb 44 (see Fig. 5) having hollow teeth 44 formed with a considerable number of perforations 45. These teeth are likewise in communication with the vacuum tube 38 and they serve for dividing the hair into a number of locks of substantially the same thickness, and also for cooling the hair and the scalp by the action of the air drawn through the comb.

The operation of this construction of the invention is as foilows:--

The apparatus shown in Figs. 5 and 6 is inserted into the hair as near as possible to the scalp in a similar manner as a comb so that the comb 44 lies flat and tangentially or at a slight angle to the scalp and a certain amount of hair is caught between the pressers 2 and the heaters 6, the pressers being in their middle positions between the heaters. The. apparatus is gripped and held with one hand only, the thumb resting upon the knob of the lever 30 to manipulate the lever as required. As the apparatus is somewhat heavy, it may, if required, be suspended from the ceiling by means of an elastic cord. The operator has the other hand free and he can therefore if necessary by means of an ordinary comb hold securely the hair caught between the heaters and pressers should there be any tendency for same to come out of the apparatus. It will therefore be understood that in Fig. '5 the portion of the scalp treated may be assumed to lie approximately in the plane of the drawings underneath the comb 44, and the hair may be assumed to be held in a position at right angles to the plane of the drawings between the heaters and the pressers. The hair is, of course, further divided between the heaters and pressers and the scalp by the additional comb 44, but the position of the locks is determined by the heaters and pressers only and not by the comb. The operator then presses upon the lever 30 whereby the clutch 29 is thrown in and the reciprocable member 24 carrying the pressers 6 is moved say to the right as far as possible so as to clamp the hair between the pressers 6 and the heaters 2 located on the right hand side of the pressers. The hair located between the pressers and the heaters on the left hand sides of the pressers is not clamped at this stage. The valve 46 controlling the pipe 15 is then opened and steam is caused to enter the valve member 12 through the latter into the left hand compartment of the heaters 2, the clamped locks and the "co-operating"pressers, escaping from the latter into the fan 39. It may be pointed out. that preferably the-fan is working con-i tinuously all: the 'timefas' well as the heating re 'sistances. 'In this position the apparatus maybe kept "by disengaging the clutch 29 any desired length of time, which depends upon the nature of the hair treated and other circumstances. The locks are, of coursagripped with yielding pressure owing to the provision of springs 3a." The clutch 291s thenagain thrown'in and thepressers are moved to' the left; At the same time the-whole apparatus is shifted, preferably upwardly so as tosiid-e' relatively to hairahd grip the hair clampedbetweenthc pressersandheaters at a pointfui ther remote from the scalp. int-It will be seen that at this stage the hair lying between the heaters and the priessers on the left of the heaters will be clamped and treated, whilst the hair previously treated between the pressers anril the heater-son the right sides of the pressers will be somewhat released. As the pressers are all the time in connection with the suction, it will be understood that the hair which has just been waved between the pressers and the right hand heaters and has been. slightly released, will at the same time be cooled and dried by the air sucked into the pressers. Therefore, hair on one side of the presser will be waved and hair on the other side of the presser will be simultaneously cooled and dried. It will also be understood that the steam issues from the heater only on the side of the heater which is in clamping co-operation with the presser, inasmuch as at the end of each stroke of the part 24 carrying the pressers, the valve 12 which controls the supply of steam to the two compartments of each heater is turned into the required position. It will also be understood that the hair and the scalp are during the whole operation cooled by the action of the perforated comb 44 which is continuously in communication with the suction.

The rod 24 moves the pressing member 6 against the heating members 2 by means of the .rod 33, the pin 34 and the spring 35, the latter acting upon lugs 36 of the heaters.

Figs. 9 to 11 show a construction in which a heating member which serves also as a curler cooperates with two pressing members. In this construction 49 indicates. a hollow curler mounted upon a socket 51 which is adapted to receive a rotary movement by means of a gear 52 carried by the socket and a gear 53 adapted to be rotated through a friction clutch 53' from a flexible driving shaft 31. The friction clutch is operable by means of a hand lever 55. The curler carries upon its outer end a comb 50 which grips the lock. The lock is then wound by the rotation of the tube e9 upon the latter very rapidly. As soon as the look is wound upon the tube, the resistance offered by the hair stops further rotation of the tube 49 and the friction clutch no longer transmits movement from the shaft 31 to the tube. At the same moment, steam is introduced through the nozzle .48 into the tube 49 and the pressing members 6 and from the latter into the fan or other vacuum producing device. The members 6, as in the previous constructions, are connected by a tube 38 with a vacuum producing device and the pressing members 6 may be actuated by means of levers 57 which are connected together after the manner of the arms of scissors. The pressing members 6 are slidably mounted upon a tubular member 5%. After a sufficient time has elapsed the operator stops the steam supply and moves a lever 56 to re move the tube 49 from the socket 51'; whereupon a fresh tube maybe inserted upon the socketand a fresh look waved. P v

it will be understood that the inventionisi not limited to the construction shown and that 'vflli ous modifications may be made within thewscope of the invention. i i I claim: i i .1

1. In apparatus for the waving of hair the combination of: a perforated tubular heating member; two perforated tubular pressing members adapted to co-operate with said heating member; means for circulating steam througha heating member and a pressing member so asto pass through the perforations of these members and a hair lock located between the members; and means for firmly pressing a pressing'member against the heating member, substantially'as described.

2. In apparatus for the waving of hair, the

comeietion of: a perforatedtubular heatin member provided with a longitudinal internal partition; two perforated tubular pressing members adapted to co-operate alternately with the said heating member; and means for circulating steam alternately between the left hand inner space of the heating member and the corresponding left hand pressing member and between the right hand internal space of the heating member and the corresponding right hand pressing memher; and means for alternately pressing the two pressing members against the heating member, substantially as described.

3. In apparatus for the waving of hair, the combination of: a perforated tubular heating member, adapted to be used as a curler for winding a lock of hair thereon; two perforated tubular pressing members adapted to co-operate with said heating member; and means for circulating steam through the said heating member and the said two pressing members so as to pass through the perforations of these members and a hair lock wound upon the heating member, substantially as described.

l. In apparatus for the waving of hair, the combination of: a perforated tubular heating member; two perforated tubular pressing members adapted to co-operate with said heating member; means for circulating steam through the heating member and the pressing members so as to pass through the perforations of these members and a hair look located between the members; and electric means for superheating the steam before passing through the said members, substantially as described.

5. In apparatus for the waving of hair the combination of: a perforated tubular heating member; two perforated tubular pressing members adapted to co-operate with said heating member; means for circulating steam through a heatingmember and a pressing member so as to pass through the perforations of these members and a hair look located between the members; and internal electric heating resistances provided in the said pressing members, substantially as described.

6. In apparatus for the waving of hair the combination of: a perforated tubular heating member; two perforated tubular pressing members adapted to co-operate with said heating member; means for circulating steam through a. heating member and a pressing member so as to pass through the perforations of these members and a hair look located between the members,

said circulating means comprising a suction producing fan, substantially as described.

'7. In apparatus for the waving of hair the combination of: a number of heating members and pressing members arranged in one row, the heating members alternating with the pressing members; power operated means for alternately moving the heating members and the pressing members relatively to each other first in the one and then in the other direction; and automatic means for alternately passing steam between the left and right hand portions of the heating members and the corresponding pressing members, substantially as described.

, 8. In apparatus for the waving of hair, the combination of: a perforated tubular heating member; two perforated tubular pressing members adapted to co-operate with said heating member; means for circulating steam through a heating member and a pressing member so as to pass through the perforations of these members and a hair look located between the members; means for firmly pressing a pressing member against a heating member; a comb having perforated teeth; and means for drawing air through the teeth of the comb for the purpose of cooling the hair and the scalp, substantially as described.

9. In apparatus for the waving of hair, the combination of a perforated tubular heating member; two perforated tubular pressing members adapted to co-operate simultaneously with said tubular heating member; means for circulating steam through said heating member and through said pressing members so as to pass through the perforation of these members and a hair look located upon the heating member; and power operated means for rotating the heating member for the purpose of winding a hair lock thereon, substantially as described.

FERNAN OSCAR CONILL 

